„Austria performs at close to the average in numeracy at age 15 but considerably above the average by age 18-20. By contrast, some countries, e.g., Canada and (in literacy) Ireland, do relatively well in PISA at age 15 whilst this does not translate into similar performance in post-upper secondary skills outcomes. England performs at the average in literacy and numeracy at age 15 but some way below the average by age 18-20.“
Andy Green u. a., The Effects of System Type and System Characteristics on Skills Acquisition in Upper Secondary Education and Training (2021), S. 36.