„When tests have no consequences for the students, test takers may not make enough effort when completing the test, and their lack of engagement may negatively affect the validity of the conclusions of the studies that use such tests.“
Elodie Pools u. a., Student test‑taking effort in low‑stakes assessments: evidence from the English version of the PISA 2015 science test. In: Large-scale Assessments in Education (2021) 9:10, S. 1.
