„Foreign-born migrant children face specific challenges, as they will have already spent some time getting accustomed to their origin country’s culture, language and traditions, having to adapt to a new context in the host country. The level of difficulty in doing so largely depends on the age at arrival. Children arriving before the age of 6 score a significantly higher score on the PISA reading exam than their peers arriving between ages 6 and 11 (OECD averages of 464 and 435 points), and those arriving after age 11 also see declining scores in comparison with their peers (OECD average of 404 points).“
OECD (Hrsg.), Skills and Labour Market Integration of Immigrants and their Children in Iceland (2024), S. 111.