„Family background characteristics, such as socioeconomic status (SES), educational degree, or migration history, affect students’ educational outcomes. As early as the beginning of primary school, young children differ in their language skills and school-relevant competencies. […] A highly cognitively activating learning environment in early childhood (e.g., reading to the child) promotes the development of school-relevant skills and competencies and has a positive impact on later school performance.“
Melike Ömeroğulları u. a., Relationships Between School Enjoyment, Social Integration, and Achievement at the Beginning of Primary School: Does Family Background Matter?. In: European Journal of Psychology and Educational Research, 2022, Volume 5, Issue 2, S. 129.